Fuel Bunker Management Strategies Within Sustainable Container Shipping Operation Considering Disruption and Recovery Policies

This paper endeavors to explore the sustainable container shipping problem considering fuel bunker management and provide adequate recovery policies for countering disruption within maritime transportation. addresses environmental concerns related consumption carbon emission operations simultaneously presents strategies transportation domain. Several studies addressed strategies, but overlooked need integrating it with operations. aims bridge this research gap by proposing a novel mathematical model presenting heuristic procedure combined variable neighborhood search algorithm maximizing company's profitability, while addressing vessel routing scheduling decisions, loading unloading operations, selection of bunkering ports, determining bunkered amount heavy oil marine diesel oil. Recovery such as port swapping rescheduling route are considered deal disruptions weather adversities. An illustrative example is presented depicting realistic scenario providing results associated ship routes, speed, amounts, consumed on each sailing leg, arrival departure time ships, etc. Insights obtained from analysis performed based price, ship's capacity, adverse conditions various closure, tax, useful information company managers. Managerial implications regard impact prices tax operation perspective overall operational cost. Moreover, important policy insights managers in terms possessing alternate options normal disrupted scenarios including adversities leg or closure.